What is overmethylation and undermethylation?
Complications in the methylation process are relatively common, particularly undermethylation.
Undermethylation may occur when a mutation in the MTHFR gene impairs the MTHFR enzyme, preventing proper folate conversion. This can lead to a deficiency of methyl groups in the body, which may contribute to various health issues.
Overmethylation, on the other hand, is thought to be much less common. It is believed to occur when the body is unable to effectively use methyl groups, potentially leaving nutrients unutilized. Methyl donors such as folate, choline, and betaine, along with their cofactors (vitamins B12 and B6), play a vital role in maintaining balanced methylation. While excessive intake of these nutrients could theoretically disrupt normal methylation processes, no studies have definitively linked this disruption to a specific health condition.
There is some evidence suggesting that excess intake of folate and other B vitamins can influence DNA methylation. For example, one study found that male offspring of mice fed a high-folate diet experienced decreased sperm counts, altered methylation in key genes, increased postnatal mortality in offspring, and reduced litter sizes.1
Although disturbances to the methylation process can occur, such as hypermethylation in specific genes, the concept of “overmethylation” lacks robust scientific evidence.
If you suspect your health issues are linked to methylation imbalances, it’s important to look at all the other factors involved in the issue, such as your diet, lifestyle, environment, and genetic influences.
